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Sunday, October 30, 2005

Hun Sen and the Upcoming Negotiations on the Border Issues: Scenarios and Associated Implications

Hun Sen and the Upcoming Negotiations on the Border Issues: Scenarios and Associated Implications

by Preap Pisey

La version française est disponible ci-dessous

After having totally neutralized the Supreme National Council on Border Affairs (SNCBA) [1] presided by King-Father Norodom Sihanouk, Hun Sen and his team are getting ready to go to Vietnam on October 10, 2005, to sign an additional convention to the 1985 Treaty related to the border delineation.

The announcement of this trip made the front page of newspapers and launches important debates. The treaty, signed under the Vietnamese occupation, is in total contradiction with the 1954 Geneva Convention, and the 1991 Paris Agreements. Beside the continuous displacements of border towards the interior of Cambodia’s territory, this treaty would cede important portions of Cambodia’s territory to Vietnam. According to Mr. Sean Pengsè, the President of the Cambodia’s Border Committee, an organization based in France, this treaty brings into question again the border markers along 200 kilometers located in the South of the country.

Given the seriousness of the subject and reports published in the news media, which was not the case for previously signed treaties, it appears to us that it is necessary to come up with scenarios that could result from Hun Sen’s trip to the lands of his master, and to analyze the implications associated which each of the scenarios considered.

Based on our humble analysis, the possible scenarios are as follows:

The additional convention to the 1985 Treaty will be effectively signed; The convention will not be signed; The duration of the negotiation will be stretched out in time.

Scenario No. 1 :

The additional convention to the 1985 Treaty will be effectively signed

The signing of this additional convention to the 1985 Treaty implies, of course, the transfer of one portion of Cambodia’s territory to Vietnam. However, beyond this transfer, the signature of a supplement to the 1985 Treaty, orchestrated with great fanfare, would also be interpreted as a very strong political will by Vietnam to become the absolute master of Indochina. By that, it would mean a launch of a “strong signal” to the regional power houses and to the International community that Vietnam had become the absolute master of Laos and Cambodia, and that it intends to act as such.

This scenario can be interpreted not only as an open aggression against the Khmer Nation, but it is also a provocation launched against China in which “the new generation of the Chinese leaders cherished their friendship with the Cambodian royal family as well as their relations with Cambodia [2]” from long ago. Vietnam, through the signing of this addition to the 1985 Treaty, is testing the sincerity of China, one of the unavoidable great world superpowers, towards Cambodia before subjecting the latter completely under its yoke. It would be interesting to see what reaction this Great Superpower would have on this Vietnamese arrogant insult. How much would China be willing to allow Vietnam to trample on its “small protégé” as reiterated so many times by the successive Chinese leaders? Would China be able to defend the interests of Cambodia, its so-called “small protégé”? What would its other “small protégés” think of China if it were to allow itself to be led by the nose by a “small player” like Vietnam?

Scenario No. 2

The convention will not be signed

As it was stated elsewhere, the addition to the 1985 Treaty will not be signed, in which case the territorial and maritime integrity of Cambodia will not necessarily be preserved. In its actual application, Vietnam will continue to violate Cambodia’s territory through an ever massive “demographic” colonization along the border areas, in particular, those which are included in the “Development Triangle [3]”.

The latter case would correspond to Vietnam’s script aiming at transforming Hun Sen into a “national hero” able to resist against Vietnam. The Vietnamese strategy would consist of saying: not only did Hun Sen not sign the very contested 1985 Treaty but he also succeeded in taking back a portion of the territory classified as litigious zones – a statement which Hun Sen himself started to praise [4]. The objective being very clear, it is not only to give a new shining coat to Hun Sen’s image, so tarnished by corruption and persecution against the population, but also to confer to him the statute of “National Hero” similar to that of King-Father Norodom Sihanouk’s during the “Royal Crusade” for Independence of Cambodia. According to this scenario, we will have another “hero” under a totally different circumstance. Hun Sen, very thirsty of power, accepts to “play” blindly the Vietnamese strategists’ game by ignoring that the political, diplomatic and military supports provided by Vietnam are not free. The Vietnamese resettlers’ commitment, living in Cambodia, to vote for Hun Sen’s CPP is just a short term “coin of exchange” to satisfy personal and the clique of Hun Sen’s ambitions. What the latter forgets is that where there are Vietnamese, there where will be Vietnam.

This scenario would correspond not only to a preparation in view of the re-election of Hun Sen in 2008, but also points to a change in strategy by Vietnam. In the past, the Vietnamese strategists had systematically eliminated all Cambodians who no longer serve the interests of Hanoi once they no longer needed them, such was the case of most of the founding members and/or fighters of the Khmer Rouge movement. This time, Vietnam is stretching the survival of its puppets in order to encourage others to come to serve Hanoi’s interests in exchange for a “personal reward” proportional in size to the degree of their betrayal against the Khmer Nation. In this hypothetical case, we, the Khmer People, must pay attention to this kind of strategic manipulations which had always led us to destruction.

At the sight of this Vietnamese hidden agenda, we strongly encourage the supporters of CPP to revise their position. It is not too late to save together Cambodia. Champa and Kampuchea Krom are the concrete examples to demonstrate Vietnam’s machiavellian intent behind the resettlement of Vietnamese in Cambodia with the pretext to support the CPP’s voting basis. You all know that the Cham people have no more their country and are constrained to live sometimes on their fishery boats and in countries that are not theirs. Regarding our Khmer Krom compatriots, you know also how much they have been suffered. Their fundamental rights are systematically flouted. They can’t access to any medical care. A lot of pregnant women can’t see their pregnancy reach its term. The access to education is also forbidden in a subtle form, the exams are organized as such the children of our Khmers Krom can’t go beyond the high school. They are condemned to be hard workers in the rice fields. And their ancestral lands are systematically grabbed. Their cultural identity is maintained just only for touristic purpose. For instance, they are forced to practise the boat race several times a year just to attract tourists and can’t have anything in return. So please, don’t let the same things to be repeated in our Cambodia’s today. Let us have the courage to defy our corrupted and short-sighted leaders who don’t care at all about the survival of the Nation.



Scenario 3

The duration of the negotiation will be stretched out in time

This last scenario would consist of stretching in time the negotiation on the border delineation. The objective would consist of mobilizing all the Khmer resources in terms of manpower, thinking process, etc…, and to focus them on this issue of highly strategic importance to the eyes of the Khmer population. This strategy, similar to war and/or industrial and commercial competition strategies, consists of creating diversions and to “deplete” the resources of one’s enemies or competitors in order to facilitate their killing. One of Vietnam fears is to see Cambodians emerging one day from poverty and becoming, with their “belly full,” true resistance fighters against the sprawling expansionism of Hanoi. Thus for Vietnam, the more the Cambodians are busy with a particular issue, the more their conquest strategy has a chance to be moved forward. As we knew well, it is rare that Vietnam has only a single strategy to shape their annexation ambitions. As it was implicitly underscored by Mr. Dy Kareth in his article [5], in parallel to the unceasing displacements of border lines towards the interior of Cambodia’s territory, Vietnam is also deploying another colonization arsenal disguised under the makeup of the concept of economic development, such as the famous development triangle of Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Dac Lac, and Dac, Nông (in Vietnam), Attapeu, Sekong, and Sravan (in Laos), Stung Treng, Ratanakiri, and Mondulkiri (in Cambodia). The establishment of the project follows with establishment of new “armies” of Vietnamese settlers on our farmers’ lands in the above provinces, and where some of these farmers were constrained to adopt the Vietnamese citizenship. In some areas such as Ratanakiri and Mondulkiri, Vietnam has already started building sections of highways, electrical power lines, and schools to facilitate the establishment of its populations on the lands of our Khmer Leu Compatriots.

Faced with such conditions, we, the Khmer People, must pay attention to the machiavellian positioning of the Hanoi strategists. Let us join our strength to help those who fight against the expansionist/annexationist hungers of our aggressors.



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[1] Phann Ana: “Hun Sen Opposes Empowering Border Council”, The Cambodia Daily, June 16, 2005.

[2] Xinhuanet : “Sino-Cambodian friendship carried on”, April 07, 2005.

[3] Regarding this subject of strategic importance, please refer to the excellent article by Mr. Dy Kareth, Vice-President of the Cambodia’s Border Committee, titled “The Expansionist Development Triangle,” August 22, 2005, Paris, France.

[4] Sakada Chun : “Mr. Hun Sen Defends the Signing of Additional Border Treaty to 1985 Treaty With Vietnam”, VOA 06/10/2005.

[5] Op. cit.

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Hun Sen et les Négociations à venir sur le Tracé des Frontières :

Scénarios et Implications

par Preab Pisey

Après avoir neutralisé totalement le Conseil National Supérieur des Affaires Frontalières[1], présidé par le Roi Père Norodom Sihanouk, Hun Sen et son équipe s’apprêtent à se rendre au Vietnam le 10 Octobre 2005 pour signer une convention additionnelle au traité de 1985 relatif au tracé des frontières.

Ce voyage à venir a fait la « une » des journaux et relance d’importants débats. Ce traité, signé sous l’occupation Vietnamienne, est en totale contradiction avec les accords de Genève de 1954 et les accords de Paris de 1991. Outre les déplacements incessants des frontières à l’intérieur du territoire Cambodgien, ce traité aurait cédé des proportions importantes du territoire du Cambodge au Vietnam. Car selon Mr Sean Pengsè, président du Comité des Frontières du Cambodge, organisme basé en France, ce traité remet en cause les bornes sur 200 km dans le sud du pays.

Compte tenu de la gravité du sujet en question et des échos largement relayés dans la presse, ce qui n’a pas été le cas pour les traités précédemment signés, il nous semble nécessaire d’imaginer les scénarios qui pourraient résulter du voyage de Hun Sen sur les terres de son maître et d’analyser les implications qui sont associées à chacun des scénarios envisagés.

Selon notre humble analyse, les scénarios envisageables sont les suivants :

1) La convention additionnelle au traité de 1985 sera effectivement signée ;

2) La convention ne sera pas signée ;

3) La durée de négociation s’étalera dans le temps.

Scénario 1 : La convention additionnelle au traité de 1985 sera effectivement signée

La signature de cette convention additionnelle au traité de 1985 implique bien sûr le transfert d’une partie du territoire Cambodgien au Vietnam. Mais au-delà de ce transfert, la signature, organisée en fanfare, d’un additif au traité de 1985 se traduirait également par une volonté politique forte de la part du Vietnam de s’affirmer comme le maître absolu en Indochine. Il s’agirait là d’un lancement d’un « signal fort » aux puissances régionales et à la communauté internationale que le Vietnam est devenu le maître absolu au Laos et au Cambodge et qu’il entend de se conduire en tant que tel.

Ce cas de scénario peut être interprété non seulement comme étant une agression ouverte à l’encontre de la Nation Khmère mais aussi une provocation lancée envers la Chine, dont « la nouvelle génération de dirigeants chinois chérissait son amitié avec la famille royale cambodgienne ainsi que ses relations avec le Cambodge[2] » depuis de longues dates. Le Vietnam par le biais de la signature de cet additif au traité de 1985, met à l’épreuve la sincérité de la Chine, une des grandes puissances mondiales incontournables, envers le Cambodge avant de le mettre complètement sous son joug. Il serait donc curieux de voir quelle serait la réaction de cette Grande Puissance face à cette affronte insolente du Vietnam. Jusqu’où serait – elle prête à laisser le Vietnam piétiner le « petit protégé » tant réaffirmé par les dirigeants Chinois successifs ? Serait-elle en mesure de défendre les intérêts du Cambodge, le soit-disant son « petit protégé » ? Que penseraient ses autres « petits protégés » si la Chine se laissait mener par le bout du nez par un « petit joueur » tel que le Vietnam ?

Scénario 2 : La convention ne sera pas signée

Comme il a été énoncé, l’additif au traité de 1985 ne sera pas signé, auquel cas l’intégrité territoriale et maritime du Cambodge ne sera pas pour autant préservée. Puisque dans la pratique, le Vietnam continuera toujours à violer le territoire du Cambodge par la colonisation « démographique » de plus en plus massive dans les régions frontalières, notamment celles faisant partie du « Triangle de Développement[3] ». Ce cas de figure correspondrait à la mise en scène par le Vietnam visant à transformer Hun Sen en « héro national » capable de tenir tête avec le Vietnam. La stratégie du Vietnam consisterait à dire non seulement Hun Sen n’a pas signé le très contesté traité de 1985 mais surtout a réussi à reprendre une partie du territoire placé en zones de litige, que Hun Sen a commencé à faire lui-même des éloges[4]. L’objectif étant très clair, il s’agit non seulement de redorer l’image de Hun Sen tant ternie par la corruption et la persécution à l’encontre de la population mais surtout de lui conférer un statut de « Héro National » à l’image de celui du Roi Père Norodom Sihanouk lors de la « Croisade Royale » pour l’indépendance, qui depuis est resté dans le cœur de tant de Cambodgiens le Père de l’Indépendance du Cambodge. Selon ce scénario, nous aurons donc un autre « héro » avec un autre temps. Hun Sen, assoiffé de pouvoir, accepte de jouer aveuglément le jeu des stratégistes Vietnamiens sans se rendre compte que le soutien politique, diplomatique et militaire du Vietnam n’est pas gratuit. L’engagement des colons Vietnamiens installés au Cambodge à voter pour Hun Sen n’est qu’ « une monnaie d’échange » à court terme pour satisfaire les ambitions personnelles et du clan de Hun Sen. Ce que ce dernier semble oublier c’est que là où il y a des Vietnamiens, c’est là où la terre appartiendra au Vietnam.

Ce scénario correspondrait non seulement à un préparatif en vue de la réélection de Hun Sen en 2008 mais à un changement de stratégie de la part du Vietnam. Dans le passé, les stratégistes Vietnamiens ont systématiquement éliminé tous les Cambodgiens qui ont servi les intérêts de Hanoi une fois qu’ils n’ont plus besoin d’eux, comme c’est le cas de la plupart des membres fondateurs et/ou combattants du mouvement des Khmers Rouges. Cette fois, ils prolongent la survie de ses « pantins » afin d’encourager d’autres à venir servir les intérêts de Hanoi tout en ayant une « récompense personnelle » à la hauteur de leur trahison envers la Nation Khmère. Dans ce cas hypothétique, nous, Peuple Khmer, devrons être attentifs à ce genre de manipulations stratégiques qui ne font que nous mener depuis tout le temps à la destruction.

Au vu cette intention machiavélique cachée, nous encourageons fortement nos compatriotes supporters du PPC à revoir leur position. Il n’est absolument pas trop tard de sauver ensemble le Cambodge. Le Champa et notre Kampuchea Krom sont les exemples concrets pour témoigner les réelles intentions du Vietnam en envoyant des masses de population s’installer au Cambodge sous prétexte d’un apport de soutien au parti PPC. Vous savez que les Chams n’ont plus de pays et sont obligés de vivre parfois sur des bateaux de pêche et dans des pays qui ne sont pas les leur. Concernant nos compatriotes Khmers Krom, vous savez également combien ils souffrent sur leur propre terre. Leurs droits les plus fondamentaux sont systématiquement bafoués. Ils ne peuvent avoir accès aux soins médicaux, beaucoup de femmes enceintes ne peuvent même pas voir leur grossesse arriver à son terme. L’accès à l’éducation supérieure leur est interdit sous forme totalement déguisée. Les examens sont organisés d’une manière telle qu’ils ne peuvent aller au-delà du lycée. Ils sont condamnés à devenir de durs labeurs dans les champs de riz. Leurs terres ancestrales ont été systématiquement confisquées. Leur identité culturelle a été maintenue juste pour des raisons touristiques. Par exemple, ils sont obligés de pratiquer plusieurs fois dans l’année la course aux pirogues pour attirer des touristes sans avoir rien en contrepartie. Donc ne laissons pas les mêmes pratiques se répéter dans le Cambodge actuel. Ayons le courage de défier nos leaders corrompus qui ne se soucient nullement de la survie de notre Nation.

Scénario 3 : La durée de négociation s’étalera dans le temps

Ce dernier scénario consisterait à laisser endurer la négociation sur le tracé des frontières. L’objectif consisterait à mobiliser toutes les ressources Khmères en hommes, en réflexion, etc, et à les focaliser sur cette question d’une importance hautement stratégique aux yeux de la population Khmère. Cette stratégie, relevant des stratégies de guerre et/ou de la compétition industrielle et commerciale, consiste à créer des diversions et « épuiser » les ressources de ses ennemis ou de ses concurrents pour mieux les abattre. Une des craintes du Vietnam est de voir les Cambodgiens émerger un jour de la pauvreté et deviennent, avec un « estomac bien rempli », de véritables résistants contre l’expansionnisme tentaculaire de Hanoi. Donc pour le Vietnam, plus les Cambodgiens sont occupés par un problème particulier, plus leur stratégie de conquête a des chances d’avancer. Comme nous le savions bien, il est très rare que le Vietnam déploie une seule stratégie pour concrétiser leurs ambitions annexionnistes. Comme il a été souligné implicitement par Mr Dy Kareth dans son article[5], parallèlement aux déplacements incessants des lignes des frontières à l’intérieur du territoire du Cambodge, le Vietnam déploie un autre arsenal de colonisation déguisé sous l’habillage du concept de développement économique, qui est le fameux triangle de développement réunissant les provinces Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Dac Lac et Dac Nông (Vietnam), Attapeu, Sékong et Saravan (Laos), Stung Trèng, Ratanakiri et Mondulkiri (Cambodge). La mise en œuvre de ce projet s’accompagne, comme on a pu constater dans la presse, d’une implantation de nouvelles « armées » de colons vietnamiens sur les terres de nos paysans de ces provinces, où certains d’entre eux ont été contraints d’adopter la nationalité vietnamienne. Dans certaines régions comme en Ratanakiri et Mondulkiri le Vietnam a déjà commencé à construire des tronçons d’autoroute, des lignes électriques de haute tension et des écoles pour faciliter l’installation de ses populations sur les terres de nos compatriotes Khmers Leu.

Face à de telles conditions, nous, Khmers, devrons être attentifs aux manœuvres machiavéliques mises en place par les stratégistes de Hanoi. Joignons nous la main pour aider ceux qui luttent contre les appétits expansionnistes/annexionnistes de nos agresseurs.



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[1] Phann Ana: “Hun Sen Opposes Empowering Border Council”, The Cambodia Daily, June 16, 2005.

[2] Xinhuanet : “Sino-Cambodian friendship carried on”, April 07, 2005.

[3] Concernant ce sujet d’une importance stratégique, veuillez lire l’excellent article de Lok Dy Kareth, vice président du Comité des Frontières du Cambodge, : « Le Triangle de Développement Expansionniste », 22 août 2005, Paris France.

[4] Sakada Chun : “Mr. Hun Sen Defends the Signing of Additional Border Treaty to 1985 Treaty With Vietnam”, VOA 06/10/2005.

[5] Op, cit

SUBMITTED BY: Preab Pisey (Mrs), Email: pisey....@yahoo.es Sat, 29 Oct 2005


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Tuesday, October 25, 2005

A FIT TRIBUTE FOR HISTORIC FAVOUR

A FIT TRIBUTE FOR HISTORIC FAVOUR

The Cambodian prime minister is absolutely right when he utters, There is no leader in the world who is so bad even if he is as bad as Pol Pot that would rush to give away land to other countries.

But he seems to ignore at least two important facts there is commonly an exception to the rule, and usually there is no rush in giving away land to any neighbour. It took about half a century for Kampuchea Krom to formally become the present southern part of Vietnam.

Successive Cambodian governments up to 1979 had refused to accept the Brevier line as a legitimate maritime border demarcation between Cambodia and Vietnam. They always argued that the line had only been for administrative convenience, not a maritime demarcation. The Brevier line, drawn up in 1939 singly by Governor General of Indochina Jules Brivie, allocates the whole Koh Tral (Phu Quoc) to Cochin-china, currently Vietnam.

The break came with the 1979 liberation of Cambodia from Pol Pot regime by the invading Vietnamese troops at the invitation of the ruling party under the resourcefulness of the current prime minister. Vietnam's troops and administrators were then stationed in Cambodia for the next ten years during which a string of treaties relating to border issues were signed and sealed. It is indeed impossible to imagine that those treaties signed under a seemingly master-slave relationship would be free and fair from all parties' perspective. The Khmer gratitude for the historic liberation or favour would need to be somehow fully reflected somewhere.

A border concession has traditionally been one of fit tributes for such a dramatic liberation. Contrary to its successors that had taken a hard stance in rejecting the Brevier line, the State of Cambodia in 1991 was prepared to let go of it to avoid further hassle.

The border tribute is revealed in a leaked transcript/minutes of a top level meeting on 29 July 1991 specifically convened to address a complaint of the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs dated 10 July 1991 in regard to Cambodia's earlier call for commercial bidding among exploration companies to search for oil deposits in Cambodian maritime territory. Vietnam maintained the exploration would involve maritime border demarcation and disputed areas which had yet to be resolved. It referred to the treaty signed between the two countries on 7 July 1982, which did not yet determine their maritime border.

The meeting was chaired by Comrade Chea Soth, vice-chairman of the Council of Ministers, and attended by twelve other comrades: Bou Thang, vice-chairman of the Council of Ministers; Say Chhum, vice-chairman of the Council of Ministers; Kong Sam Ol, vice-chairman of the Council of Ministers, Hor Nam Hong, minister for foreign affairs; major general Noun Sok, deputy minister for national defence; Tep Hen, deputy-minister at the cabinet of the Council of Ministers; Bun Uy, deputy-minister at the cabinet of the Council of Ministers; It Prang, deputy-minister for industry; Souv Chiv Kun, department head of mineral resources; Kang Keng, department head of industry construction in the cabinet of the Council of Ministers; Hor Peng Hour, deputy director general at the cabinet of the Council of Ministers; Hour Sithy, secretary to the chair of the Council of Ministers.

In the above 29 July 1991 meeting, according to the following excerpt of the transcript, comrade Hor Nam Hong Minister for Foreign Affairs, gave away Koh Tral by accepting the legitimacy of the Brevier line. He said,

If the exploration has not started, the negotiation will be easy. With respect to the Brevier line, I have seen so clearly in the French notation that it is an administrative line in order to facilitate the people living in the regions [including Koh Tral]; [it] makes all administrative documentations not too difficult; [it is] too far for the people to travel to Kampot [for them]. At the time the three countries were under the French administration. In fact, this Brevier line is not a border line; and the fact is that the places have been ours since the old time. But save the hassle, they have already taken them, let them have them why bother to claim it back for peace's sake. And if they don't accept that much, it is going to be complicated in the future and we wait until then. For now we solve the other part first because we already have the agreement.

Comrade Chea Soth then said,

We have not done the exploration yet. We have just made the announcement; we have not yet measured [the lots allocated for exploration].

At the end, the meeting decided to seal the fate of Koh Tral and other regions separated by the Brevier line. The Cambodian foreign minister recapped the decisions, or sealed the fate of Koh Tral then.

Comrade Hor Nam Hong said,

Now let's take up this position we all agree so that it is easy for me to talk to them:

Issue 1: We pull back all those lots allocated for the exploration from the historical maritime border; they also pull back both sides all pull back from the areas under disputes.

Issue 2: If we are going to have joint ventures, we are going to discuss further among the three partners with signatures among us Vietnam and the exploring companies.

Issue 3: We will meet in the future to demarcate the maritime border between the two parties.

Issue 4: We must accept as our base the Brevier line outside the historical water boundary.

Details of the Supplementary Convention to the 1985 Treaty that prime minister Hun Sen signed with Vietnam on 10 October 2005 are not known. It is, however, promised to be available for the National Assembly ratification. It is not opened for any scrutiny before then. But the decision of the ruling party has been clear since 1991at the latest that it will sooner or later finalise a fit tribute package that delivers the southern archipelago to Vietnam.

Of course, the current prime minister who was not present at the 29 July 1991 cabinet meeting could claim innocence, just like Khieu Samphan, Pol Pot, Noun Chea, Duch and other high profile Cambodian leaders, dead or alive, who do not have any courage to accept full responsibility for what they have done, in one way or another, to the Khmer people. Sadly, they have always claimed they are in the right even while the country is going down the drain

Sim Sina (Mrs) 24 October 2005

NB: A copy of the original minutes/transcript in Khmer is available on request.

SUBMITTED BY: Sim Sina (Mrs), Email: sim...@westnet.com.au Sun, 23 Oct 2005


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Monday, October 24, 2005

The Loss of Cambodia's Territorial Integrity Part 4

The Loss of Cambodia's Territorial Integrity Part 4 (Cambodian Parliament and its duty)

The Paris Peace Agreement was intended to help the Khmers and defend the supreme interests of the Khmers and Cambodia. The problem facing Cambodia right now has much to do with the Khmers themselves more than anybody else.

Vietnam's political, military and territorial ambitions and greed are known facts. They can be brought under control through skilful diplomacy, international agreements and international court. Thailand's political, military and territorial ambitions and greed are also known facts. Again they can also be brought under control through skilful diplomacy, international agreements and international court.

The real issue here is that the (legitimate) government of Cambodia of Prime Minister Hun Sen, itself, is the one who does not respect the Paris Peace Agreement and its own constitution. They are the first and the worst example to violate the Paris Peace Agreement that serves the supreme interests of their own country to the advantage of Vietnam. Therefore, calling upon the signatories of the Paris Peace Agreement will fall on deaf ears. Absurd as it may sound, but it's the sad and most distressing reality of the Khmers and its society that its current leaders have no hesitation or scrupulousness to be of service to Vietnam in order to protect and preserve its power base and clique.

Curiously enough, there has been a complete silence on the part of the former Khmer Rouge leadership in Pailin with respect to this issue. What do governor of Pailin, Mr. Ea Chhean and his assistant, Mr. Ieng Vuth think of all of this? What happened to Mr. Ieng Sary, Noun Chean and Khieu Samphan? Aren't they all the champion and fierce defenders of Khmer land? Didn't they invade Vietnam with the intention of getting back Kampuchea Krom and blamed all preceding Khmer leaders of not having their kind of courage to do so? Thanks to them, with their bloody and terribly insane policies of 1970-1975, Cambodia is now in a big mess!

Will the Cambodian Parliament endorse this additional convention to the 1985 treaty when it knows that this convention violates every letter and spirit of the Paris Peace Agreement and the Khmer Constitution? The CPP will, for sure, endorses it. The SRP will, for sure, not endorse it. The final blow that will tip the balance will come from FUNCINPEC. What will FUNCINPEC do? That, I will leave it up to you to contemplate!

The Parliament of Cambodia has the absolute legal power to put a stop to all of the problems of the additional convention to the 1985 treaty. If they vote to reject this additional convention then it is the end of it. The Khmers do not need other foreigners who care more for their (foreigners) own interests to help solve their (Khmers) own problems. It's time they learn to assume responsibility to take the destiny of their country into their own hands. Foreigners are always foreigners. The will always be foreign to the Khmer interest whatever those interests happen to be. Khieu Kanharith, the minister of information of the Royal Government of Cambodia, said that the whole issue was up to the Parliament of Cambodia to decide. He is right. The Parliament of Cambodia holds an important key to this problem. The members of the Parliament of Cambodia should have been wise enough to demand from their own government of Cambodia a detailed document of the additional treaty so they can seriously study very well in advance the implications of the signing of this additional convention before the voting session of the Assembly. Will the members of parliament from each political party be courageous enough to vote their conscience with respect to this additional convention, rather than to follow blindly the voting instructions set forth by their few superiors who probably care more for their own personal interests than those of their dying nation?

Each Cambodian Member of Parliament is paid a salary of about $2000.00 US per month plus other benefits. This is a lot of money in a country where a teacher or university professor makes only a few hundred dollars the most. As a Member of Parliament, each is entrusted with the sacred responsibility to defend at all cost the supreme interests of the Cambodian people and Cambodia, a country each claims, professes, and declares loudly to love. It is absolutely more famous and dignified to lose a seat at the National Assembly by following one's own conscience and go into history as a poor patriot than to continue to sit in the Assembly seat and be condemned for eternity in history. As a kid some long time ago in the Cambodian school, you must have studied Cambodian history in which you felt considerable pain when you got to the part where Cambodia lost her territory to her neighbours and somehow, you thought in your head that you would not be like this person, that person or those persons who committed the act of treason against their own country. Well, The time has come to test each parliamentarian's patriotism and the hope is that each one of them except a few incorrigible ones will vote like a child according to his/her own conscience.

For FUNCINPEC members of the parliament, remember your colleagues who laid down their lives in the fight for the liberation of Cambodia from Vietnamese colonialism, a Cambodia of at least as big as that between 1963 and 1969 as recognized internationally under Sangkum Reastr Niyum. Remember their sacrifices and their ideals. Vote with your conscience and not because your superiors tell you so. FUNCINPEC supporters inside and outside Cambodia can begin to exert pressure on the leaders of the FUNCINPEC party so that they will allow each FUNCIPEC Member of Parliament to vote his/her own conscience with respect to the additional convention to the 1985 treaty.

That's it; the Parliament of Cambodia holds the answers to the problems facing Cambodia right now with respect to Her territorial integrity. This Parliament can be the saviour or the eventual killer of Cambodia's territorial integrity. History will surely judge the Cambodian Parliament without prejudice.

By Anet Khmer

SUBMITTED BY: Anet Khmer, Email: anet....@yahoo.com Sun, 23 Oct 2005


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Thursday, October 13, 2005

Hun Sen Is Under Pressure From His...

Hun Sen Is Under Pressure From His...

If you ever think, Vietnam will even give Cambodia an inch of its land, you are deadly wrong. Because this is a country that is so greedy to steal any thing it can. For example, concerning Kampuchea Krom, did that country ever give half of an inch back to us?. And you know the answer is no. So what the hell is the prime minister of our country is talking about, when he said that, by signing the supplementary border agreement, Cambodia gained more territory. Mr. Hun Sen, even your own spokesman said that, the agreement was signed in 1985 while the Vietnamese troops still occupied our country.

Mr. prime minister, you even blamed former king Sihanouk for the two islandsthat now belong to Veitnam. Come on, Mr. it is you, who gave them away, and not the former king. The ex-king has always fought to protect our territory. And he has never given even half of an inch of our precious land to Vietnam. Even your own brother, Hun Neng, blamed the U.S. bombings in the 70's. I think you and your brother should blame yourself for the lost land, instead of accusing the former king and the bombings. It is you who signed the agreement to give the land away, because you try to please the greedy boss. As the leader of our coutry, you should try to protect the country and its people. Don't just do anything to please your boss, because you know that Veitnam is a vey greedy country. You must help and defend our country as the former king Sihanouk has done. And also try to protect you borders, because according to what I have learned, is that there are a lot of Vietnamese are coming to Cambodia. And that is not a good sign, because as you remember, how Kampuchea Krom was lost. First those people came in just to do business, and after that they settled down. And as more and more of them came, they started to take control of Kampuchea Krom. So please be aware of what one day will happen to Cambodia.

SUBMITTED BY: van choeung, Email: vanchim...@aol.com Wed, 12 Oct 2005


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Tuesday, October 11, 2005

The Loss of Cambodia's Territorial Integrity-Part 3 (Additional Convention to the 1985 treaty)

The Loss of Cambodia's Territorial Integrity-Part 3 (Additional Convention to the 1985 treaty)

Cambodia's territorial integrity is a subject of national importance to every single Khmer, dead or alive. Each Cambodian has a legitimate concern and indignation over his/her country's loss of territorial integrity as Cambodia has been losing continuously Her territory to Her insatiable and unscrupulous neighbors. It is inconceivable and incomprehensible that in this modern age of better communications, advanced technological knowledge, more civilized relationship between states, recognition of various state boundaries through maps being maintained at the United Nations and peaceful disputes of various borders handled by the International Court, we still see wicked and cunning attempts on the part of a country and a people like Vietnam to nibble away Cambodian territory with the complicity of the selfish and power-hungry Khmer leaders.

Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen's official visit to Viet Nam on October 10-12, 2005 marks a sad period in the Cambodian history as He will be signing an additional convention to the 1985 Treaty with Vietnam, thereby giving away more Khmer territory to Vietnam. This is a fait accompli as there has been no strong and challenging protest from inside the country, to say the least not even from a political party such as FUNCINPEC and the National Assembly. What FUNCINPEC has failed to understand is that as a junior partner in this so-called coalition government, it has the same responsibility, if not more than, as the opposition to make sure that the superior interests of the Khmer nation and not their lucrative positions be protected at all cost. It is also a sad moment in history that a small number of politicians could decide to give away the precious territory without taking much heat or consequences from the majority of the Khmers wherever they happen to be. This signing will set a bad precedence when times come to negotiate the border demarcations with Thailand and Laos. The sad reality facing the children of Angkor, which allows such a thing to happen, is a painful, but not enough mentioned fact of their never-ending disunity at the expense of their beloved motherland, the motherland that their friends, parents and ancestors have, throughout centuries, laid down their lives to defend!

The Vietnamese ambition to control, dominate and subjugate Cambodia goes back a long time. We have all heard and read about the Indochinese Federation, the dream child of Ho Chi Minh! We have also learnt about the planned westward demographic movement of Vietnam. To accomplish this goal, Vietnam continues to look for the Khmer accomplices to fulfill this mission. Division of the children of Angkor is not a difficult task as they are prone to such a thing. Unfortunately, among the children of Angkor there have always been those who are, for their personal rewards at the expense of their own Khmer Nation, eager to help the foreigners accomplish this goal.

In November 1953 Cambodia under the leadership of the then HM the King Norodom Sihanouk obtained a complete independence from France without having Her territory being partitioned as in the cases of Vietnam and Laos. This is quite an admirable accomplishment considering that various external and internal forces existed then to partition Cambodia territorially and ideologically. Instead of rallying to HM the King Norodom Sihanouk and helping Him defend and rebuild the newly independent country against aggressions and sabotages by the neighbours, Some Khmers chose to remain Vietnamese servants as Khmer Vietminhs, others chose to become American mercenaries and some others chose to abolish the monarchy. Why they have chosen not to rally to HM the King Norodom Sihanouk to help Him build and defend the country is beyond me. Jealousy, personal ambition and revenge etc, should have been set aside for the sake of national unity to safeguard Cambodia, the land every Khmer professes to love.

By continuing to be divided, the Khmers fall without knowing into the trap of Vietnam and other foreign countries who may want to use them for their interests. This division allows people like Hun Sen and his group to serve foreigners' interests with impunity. The division among the Khmers exist everywhere inside and outside the country alike! The division is seen among ordinary citizens, workers, students, teachers, intellectuals, politicians and the Buddhist monks who are supposedly full of compassion, tolerance and understanding. The strategy of dividing in order to conquer works very well in Cambodian case.

Do not forget that HM, the King-Father Norodom Sihanouk obtained Independence from France in 1953 and reclaimed successfully the temple of Preah Vihear from Thailand in 1962. Under SRN Cambodia, then proud and prosperous, obtained a 1967 joint declaration from the Revolutionary Provisional Government of South Vietnam and North Vietnam to respect Her borders and recognize Her territorial integrity in its entirety of 181, 035 square kilometres. This declaration has the same value and force as the treaty; therefore, there will be no need for any additional treaties as far as Cambodia's territorial integrity is concerned. Hun Sen must have been daydreaming when he illogically declared that Cambodia would gain more territory with the signing of this additional convention to the 1985 treaty. Please note that the Cambodian Prime Minister has a history of illogical and absurd argument some time in the past when he said that the deforestation in Cambodia resulted from the poor Khmer peasants cutting down the forest to provide themselves with wood for cooking fire! One may wonder why Vietnam is suddenly not clever enough to just accept to keep their promises by honouring the 1967 declaration, thereby satisfying fully the Cambodian neighbours with their demands, feeling good that for once they are honest, earning respect from Cambodians and the international community and at the same time and most importantly not losing her coveted territory.

The division of the Khmers coupled with the tight iron grips imposed by the Phnom Penh government and the indifference on the part of government civil servants and the security forces is so severe that there is no enlightened awakening to the dangers awaiting the Khmer nation. Imagine what would have happened if everyone inside Cambodia who works for the state institutions decided to stop working for 1 month in order to protest vigorously this signing of the additional convention!

The loss of some territory as a result of Hun Sen signing the additional convention is one problem, but the more paramount danger is the silent Vietnamization of Cambodia through insidious illegal Vietnamese settlers into the land of Angkor. The CPP and Hun Sen will not stop this influx, as the illegal influx would guarantee that there would always be votes for them. Perhaps one day in the future the CPP officials and Hun Sen will roam the land, after being allowed to leave the underworld during Pchum Ben, looking for food supposedly offered to them by their children and realize that such a thing does not exist anymore as there is nothing left that can be considered Khmer in the land of the former children of Angkor. With time the Khmers will definitely become the minority in their own land!

The patriotic Khmers must have been sad, frustrated and enraged that their ancestral land entrusted with them by their ancestors is taken away from them with the accomplices of their traitorous brethrens. Their frustration and anger are rightly logical and reasonable. However, the Khmers must learn to work together putting the superior interests of the land of Angkor above all else with no exception in order to ensure the survival of this nation they all profess to love. Refrain from attacking each other lest you become the servant of your enemy without your knowledge. Look at the good qualities in each individual rather than seeking for less relevant and minor shortfalls. Unity is most critically needed at this time and the survival of the land of Angkor depends solely on this unity.

By Anet Khmer

SUBMITTED BY: Anet Khmer, Email: anet....@yahoo.com Mon, 10 Oct 2005


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Monday, October 10, 2005

Sihanouk Third Kingdom Prophecy

Sihanouk Third Kingdom Prophecy
October 10, 2005
By Kok Sap

Given all situations in Cambodia, the self-acclaimed Ultra Nationalist and the former Great Heroic King had denounced and pronounced none of the regimes and governmental forms could out play his Mono Mano sugar coated Socialistic inclined Party known as Sangkum Reastra Niyum then. We wonder if he is able to do the right thing for his own conscience before his eternally rest. Most acquainted with former monarch hands on every detail in Cambodia politic style had not ruled out that the former king is still very attached to his subjects if they would appeal his consideration to personally save them from dictatorial dominance.

In retrospect the former king is more appealing than all politicians combined including all of his sidekicks: the bad, the scrupulous, and the evil. No arm force or real treasury at his disposal, he made the hard core communist politicians at Yuon disgruntles to accept and enthrone his last legitimate son, Norodom Sihamoni, the most apolitically experienced as new King quite effortlessly after his calculated second abdication.

After the fact to measure up his subject loyalty, he abruptly broadcasted his shadowed independence via legitimate sovereignty movement once again. This time he explicitly expressed his endeavor to bring about change in Cambodia sovereign integrity and political landscape which has shaken his evil sidekick steadily. Relatively this topic had both provoked the most personal and inner sentiment of the people regardless of political affiliation. Subsequently that personally put his evil sidekick on cliffs edge.

As a seasoned Independence Crusader at old age the 2008 election seems not far fetch for the former king who may do unimaginable damages to current Yuon domineered ruling party politic while having his breakfast of salty egg and porridge at his palace in Beijing. Definitely, it would be his ultimate goal to secure royalty and monarchy continual existence in the shadow of shattered CPP doubled mirror. This advertent phenomenal is in the making for a new ruler who could internally and externally uninstall and uproot national nemesis influence.

Other hands if he really chose to run, he needs no extraordinaire campaign platform but the holistic anti-corruption and restoration of borders alone to woo people and international donors' assistance with simple Pancca Sila resolutions: Admit his sincerity upon his past mistakes and ask people to allow his last chance to redress them before it is too late,

Call upon armed forces to keep national order as people call for vote of NO CONFIDENCE in current administration and legislative body inability to uphold Cambodia Constitution fully,

To indict and sentence the convicted of heinous crime and plundering people fund to life in prison with hard labor such as sweeping streets of all government property, and central market sites daily,

Demand responsibility of legislatures to improve citizen quality of living and reduction of non transparency by confiscating and accounting all assets and property belong to the convicted and sentenced corruptive officials for the state treasury disposal,

To explicitly express this will be his final noble deed to restore people and country dignity before death. That may be enough to spark the orderly democratic and peaceful revolution to reinstate true democracy of Cambodia government once for all. With own cognizance, the former king may just fulfill his own prophecy before his own eyes as the riddle unfolding its meaning as "the small slender king shall rule the three kingdoms." In fact he had ruled two kingdoms so far; therefore; to attain the third one he will be at services of his own son the king as Prime Minister and guardian angel to guaranty the grand stand of his final political doing. This is fatherly deed to protect own children interest. If this to happen, the evils may need to practice reading own eulogies after digging hole for own burials on Koh Ach Khmer in South China Sea. The former great heroic King bears the solution and if it is true for his proclamation of a grand nationalist.

SUBMITTED BY: Kok Sap, Email: koks....@yahoo.com Mon, 10 Oct 2005


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Thursday, October 06, 2005

oppose the signing of the so called additional agreement of 1985 treaty

October 5, 2005
Letter of Appeal to HRH. Prince Norodom Rannaridh President of Cambodia National Assembly

Subject: oppose the signing of the so called additional agreement of 1985 treaty

Your Highness:

With all due respect, this matter that I present for your consideration is no longer political but a personal duty to us all. Each of us whether in or outside Cambodia with true conscience is steadfastly oppose the signing of the so called additional agreement of 1985 treaty done with Viet Nam by Comrade Hun Sen then. The country is imploring you not to approve the signing et al. As individual your deed will re-deem further determination of Khmer unity and interest.

In this regard may I please point out as so it seems the renowned Lafontaine's fables' the cunning monkey set up the dumb struck goat to be punished by the hungry farmer after it ate his lunch and up the tree is in full play in Cambodia politic over border problems specifically with the neo-imperialistic colonial Viet Nam. On 9/26/2005 Mr. Khieu Kannharith, the government's spokesman admitted to Voice of America Radio that the 1985 Cambodia-Vietnam border treaty is not a fair one for Cambodia because Vietnam occupied Cambodia at that time. He urged those opposed to this treaty to write Norodom Ranariddh, the President of the National Assembly, and other Members of Parliament to stop the approval of the continuation of this treaty. Also it is subsequently clear as day light that Prime Minister Hun Sen is anxiously anticipated to sign it next week in Hanoi additional agreements to the treaties signed in the 80's under the de-facto government of People's Republic of Kampuchea at large considered as a vassalage of communist Vietnam, which is former King Norodom Sihanouk has always stated that he would never recognize any border treaties with Viet Nam signed after 1969. At this point interestingly Mr. Hun Sen had not only violated Cambodia Constitution but done it boldly according to experts based (KI News) on the following:

Since a royal decree has the power of a law, neither the King nor the Government has the power to make this kind of executive-made law. Any law has to be made by the only constitutional law-making body, which is the National Assembly representing the sovereign Cambodian people. In its substance (article 2, paragraph 6), the above royal decree is unconstitutional because it gives the President of the National Border Authority, i.e. the Prime Minister, the power to sign international treaty/agreement, which under the Constitution is vested with the King in his capacity as Head of State.

Over times Mr. Hun Sen has relentlessly maneuvered every possibility such as putting forward the 14 June 2005 Royal Decree creating the National Border Authority which he arbitrarily subjugated the King to accept him as the signatory of any border treaty with neighboring countries, especially Vietnam, which is categorically unparallel with the very Constitution which uphold your vested authority. In fact, Mr. Hun Sen failed to have former king consent in 1993 but the new King Norodom Sihamoni appeared endorsing him in 2005.

For its part, the Vietnamese government is also emphasizing the great importance of the signing of a supplementary agreement on the 1985 land border treaty as it dispatched its high ranking official who had also admitted the difficulties at the conference recently in Siem Reap. Now the ball is in the National Assembly court where you are in the position to influence the National Assembly including the opposition to do the right thing in voicing out people concerns and dissention over this long over due neglected matter.

In all regards, your Highness knew it well that Viet Nam has continually annexed much of Cambodia remaining territory since 1800's. Yet it has not stopped; therefore; the Cambodia National Assembly can duly put a stop to this nonsense treaty. It appears Mr. Hun Sen can do so much for so long but the very people will appreciate your determined position to let him know enough is enough.

Sire, whether you personally choose to do other wise but the very mouthpiece of Mr. Hun Sen powerhouse had indicated it is up to you at this juncture. Undeniably this matter concerned us all and we insist that your Highness be not a goat for the sake of your conscience and people who had died for you and your family not long ago. People and each of us abroad in spite of each of our differences appreciate your esteemed action to defy treachery once for all.

I am grateful for your interest and time in this matter.

Truly,
Kok Sap,
Fellow compatriot


SUBMITTED BY: Kok Sap, Email: koks....@yahoo.com Wed, 5 Oct 2005


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